In the context of digital transformation becoming a critical driver of public administration modernization, enhancing the digital capability of local governments has emerged as an urgent priority for improving public service delivery and increasing citizen satisfaction. This study examines the relationship between local government digital capability and citizen satisfaction in Vinh Long Province, Vietnam. Drawing on the theoretical foundations of digital government, public service quality, and citizen satisfaction, the study proposes a research framework comprising five dimensions of local government digital capability: digital infrastructure capability, digital human capability, digital data governance capability, digital public service delivery capability, and digital leadership capability. A quantitative research approach was employed through a survey of citizens who had used public administrative services, either online or offline, at government agencies in Vinh Long Province. The collected data were analyzed using reliability testing, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings reveal that local government digital capability has a significant positive effect on citizen satisfaction, with digital public service delivery capability and digital data governance capability exerting the strongest influences. Based on these results, the study proposes several policy implications to strengthen the digital capability of local governments, thereby supporting the development of digital government, enhancing public governance effectiveness, and improving the quality of public services in the era of digital transformation.